The x350/550 is an integrated PCI-E chip. Based on that I can't tell whether your PC model has a free PCI-E slot. You'll have to open up the case to make sure.
- Okay, so i now know that there are exactly TWO pci slots being used (each one with a realtek network card). Given this, i could determine the amount of free pci slots by subtracting two from the total amount of slots. I can determine the total amount of slots by looking at the board's specs on a website.
- PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect) is a standardized local bus for attaching different hardware to motherboard. Many devices such as Network cards, modems, sound cards are attached to these PCI sa lots in older machines and still we are using PCI sa lots but in near future they will be absolute.
Linux provides lspci command in order to list PCI bus and devices information. This command will provide brief or detailed information about currently connected PCI devices like GPU, USB Card etc.
We can install lspci tool with the following command to the deb based distributions.
In yum or dnf based distributions we can use the following command which will install the package named pciutils.
We will start with the simplest form where we will do not provide any option to this command. This will print PCI Address or slot information with the device type and vendor information.
Most of the computers have a few PCI interfaces. This may list a lot of information which will jam the output. Or we may be interested in the specific PCI slot of address. In this example, we will print information about PCI slot number 00:10.0 which is SCSI device controller.
The default printing format is human-readable format. This means PCI address or slot, vendor and product information is printed in a space delimited format. Machine-readable format is a double quote separated format which can be parsed easily.
PCI bus provides a lot of information about the PCI connection and the devices. By default, this information is not printed completely. We can print detailed information about this PCI connection and device with the verbose -v option like below.
We can see that for every PCI device information like Subsystem, Flag, Memory Location or Address, Kernel Driver In Use, Kernel Modules, I/O ports etc.
We can also print PCI Slot and Devices information in tag:value format. This will make the information readable like JSON format. We will use -vmms option like below.
Every computer hardware manufacturer has its own vendor and device code or ID. We can print device vendor, class, svendor,sdevice ID with the -n option like below.
As very PCI device have its kernel module and driver to be used by the Linux operating system. We can list all kernel and drivers with the -k option like below.
We can see that the following information is provided by -k.
- Device Name
- Subsystem
- Kernel driver
- Kernel module
Up to now, we have listed PCI Devices in a line by line or regular format. We can also list the output of the lspci in a tree format with a hierarchical manner. We will use -t option like below.
We can see that some devices are listed under VMware USB controller.
We have already printed detailed or verbose information about the PCI slots. We will use multiple -v option -vv or -vvv . More v means more verbose or detail.
Name
lspci - list all PCI devices
Synopsis
lspci [options]
Description
lspci is a utility for displaying information about PCI buses in the system and devices connected to them.
By default, it shows a brief list of devices. Use the options described below to request either a more verbose output or output intended for parsing byother programs.
If you are going to report bugs in PCI device drivers or in lspci itself, please include output of 'lspci -vvx' or even better 'lspci -vvxxx'(however, see below for possible caveats).
Some parts of the output, especially in the highly verbose modes, are probably intelligible only to experienced PCI hackers. For exact definitions of thefields, please consult either the PCI specifications or the header.h and /usr/include/linux/pci.h include files.
Access to some parts of the PCI configuration space is restricted to root on many operating systems, so the features of lspci available to normalusers are limited. However, lspci tries its best to display as much as available and mark all other information with <access denied>text.
Options
Basic display modes
-mDump PCI device data in a backward-compatible machine readable form. See below for details.
-mm
Dump PCI device data in a machine readable form for easy parsing by scripts. See below for details.
-t
Show a tree-like diagram containing all buses, bridges, devices and connections between them.
Display options
-vBe verbose and display detailed information about all devices.
-vv
Be very verbose and display more details. This level includes everything deemed useful.
-vvv
Be even more verbose and display everything we are able to parse, even if it doesn't look interesting at all (e.g., undefined memory regions).
-k
Show kernel drivers handling each device and also kernel modules capable of handling it. Turned on by default when -v is given in the normal mode ofoutput. (Currently works only on Linux with kernel 2.6 or newer.)
-x
Pci Slots Types
Show hexadecimal dump of the standard part of the configuration space (the first 64 bytes or 128 bytes for CardBus bridges).
-xxx
Show hexadecimal dump of the whole PCI configuration space. It is available only to root as several PCI devices crash when you try to read some partsof the config space (this behavior probably doesn't violate the PCI standard, but it's at least very stupid). However, such devices are rare, so you needn'tworry much.
-xxxx
Show hexadecimal dump of the extended (4096-byte) PCI configuration space available on PCI-X 2.0 and PCI Express buses.
-b
Bus-centric view. Show all IRQ numbers and addresses as seen by the cards on the PCI bus instead of as seen by the kernel.
-D
Always show PCI domain numbers. By default, lspci suppresses them on machines which have only domain 0.
Options to control resolving ID's to names
-nShow PCI vendor and device codes as numbers instead of looking them up in the PCI ID list.
-nn
Show PCI vendor and device codes as both numbers and names.
-q
Use DNS to query the central PCI ID database if a device is not found in the local pci.ids file. If the DNS query succeeds, the result is cached in~/.pciids-cache and it is recognized in subsequent runs even if -q is not given any more. Please use this switch inside automated scripts onlywith caution to avoid overloading the database servers.
Same as -q, but the local cache is reset.
-Q
Query the central database even for entries which are recognized locally. Use this if you suspect that the displayed entry is wrong.
Options for selection of devices
- -d [<vendor>]:[<device>]
- Show only devices with specified vendor and device ID. Both ID's are given in hexadecimal and may be omitted or given as '*', both meaning 'anyvalue'.
Other options
Invoke bus mapping mode which performs a thorough scan of all PCI devices, including those behind misconfigured bridges, etc. This option gives meaningfulresults only with a direct hardware access mode, which usually requires root privileges. Please note that the bus mapper only scans PCI domain 0.
PCI access options
Use direct hardware access via Intel configuration mechanism 1. (This is a shorthand for -A intel-conf1.)
-H2
Use direct hardware access via Intel configuration mechanism 2. (This is a shorthand for -A intel-conf2.)
Increase debug level of the library.
Machine Readable Output
Dell Computers With Pci Slots
If you intend to process the output of lspci automatically, please use one of the machine-readable output formats (-m, -vm, -vmm)described in this section. All other formats are likely to change between versions of lspci.
All numbers are always printed in hexadecimal. If you want to process numeric ID's instead of names, please add the -n switch.
Simple format (-m)
Revision number.
Check Free Pci Slots Linux Software
Verbose format (-vmm)
The verbose output is a sequence of records separated by blank lines. Each record describes a single device by a sequence of lines, each line containing asingle 'tag: value' pair. The tag and the value are separated by a single tab character. Neither the records nor the lines within arecord are in any particular order. Tags are case-sensitive.The following tags are defined:
SlotThe name of the slot where the device resides ([domain:]bus:device.function). This tag is always the first in a record.
Class
Name of the class.
Vendor
Name of the vendor.
Device
Name of the device.
Revision number (optional).
ProgIf
Check Free Pci Slots Linux Software
Programming interface (optional).
Driver
Kernel driver currently handling the device (optional, Linux only).
Module
Kernel module reporting that it is capable of handling the device (optional, Linux only).
Backward-compatible verbose format (-vm)
- Device tag isused for both the slot and the device name, so it occurs twice in a single record. Please avoid using this format in any new code.
Files
/usr/share/hwdata/pci.ids
- update-pciids utilityto download the most recent version.
- /usr/share/hwdata/pci.ids.gz
- If lspci is compiled with support for compression, this file is tried before pci.ids.
- ~/.pciids-cache
- All ID's found in the DNS query mode are cached in this file.
Bugs
Sometimes, lspci is not able to decode the configuration registers completely. This usually happens when not enough documentation was available to theauthors. In such cases, it at least prints the <?> mark to signal that there is potentially something more to say. If you know the details,patches will be of course welcome.
Access to the extended configuration space is currently supported only by the linux_sysfs back-end.
See Also
setpci(8), update-pciids(8), pcilib(7)
Author
The PCI Utilities are maintained by Martin Mares <mj@ucw.cz>.
Referenced By
dstat(1),
edac-ctl(8),lshw(1),lsusb(8),proc(5),usbview